| Overview : In accordance with UNDP and GEF M&E policies and procedures, all full-size UNDP supported GEF financed projects are required to undergo a terminal evaluation upon completion of implementation. These terms of reference (TOR) sets out the expectations for a Terminal Evaluation (TE) of the Addressing Barriers to Adoption of Improved Charcoal Production Technologies and Sustainable Land Practices through an Integrated Approach (PIMS #4493). Biomass is the main source of energy in Uganda, contributing about 94% of all energy consumed. Of the total biomass consumed, wood fuel accounts for about 80%, charcoal 10% and crop residues 4%. Firewood and crop residues are majorly consumed in rural areas while charcoal is consumed in urban areas. Limited storage space in urban areas, high standards of living, higher calorific value of charcoal than for wood and easier handling by vendors makes charcoal the favoured fuel over firewood in urban areas. Recent estimates indicate that the demand for charcoal has been increasing steadily at an estimated 6% per annum. This demand is attributed to a high rate of urbanization coupled with a rapidly increasing population, as well as high cost of using electricity especially for cooking and heating purposes. Notwithstanding its popularity, the charcoal sub-sector remains plagued by inefficient production practices, lack of sustainable supplies of woody biomass and inadequate, often conflicting, policy statements. To address the barriers that impede sustainable charcoal production, the Ministry of Energy and Mineral Development (MEMD) on behalf of Government of Uganda is, with support from UNDP Green Environment Facility (UNDP-GEF) implementing a project: Addressing Barriers to Adoption of Improved Charcoal Production Technologies and Sustainable Land Practices through an Integrated Approach (Green Charcoal Project). The objective of the project is to secure multiple environmental benefits by addressing the twin challenges of unsustainable utilization of fuel wood (including charcoal) and poor land management practices common in Uganda’s woodlands through technology transfer, enhancement of the national policy framework and promotion of Sustainable Land Management (SLM) and Sustainable Forest Management (SFM) practices. The project implemented since May 2014 involves piloting low carbon emission sustainable charcoal technologies and broader sustainable land and forest management practices in four districts: Mubende, Kiboga, Nakaseke and Kiryandongo. | 
