In line with Aichi Target 3 of the Convention on Biological Diversity which states, to eliminate, phase out or reform all subsidies harmful to biodiversity (a similar target is under discussion for the 2021-30 Global Biodiversity Framework), the overall objective of the study will be to:

• Conduct an analysis to identify, assess and quantify the value and the cost of each type of subsidies and incentives likely to have a harmful impact on biodiversity;
• Understand the potential of redesigned options and prioritise efforts that take into consideration a full range of social, environmental, economic, and political economy concerns, trade-offs and possible compensation schemes throughout the re-design and transition process, including within the COVID-19 context;
• Develop a document proposing reform proposals for the prioritised subsidies.

Develop a framework for incentives on the conservation and sustainable use of all the components of Biodiversity including at the species, ecosystem and genetic levels.